1. The Vipeholm non-randomised study 1954
Increased sugar leads to increased caries
Increased risk of caries with foods such as caramels which stay on teeth
Withdrawal of sugar reduces caries.
Sugar clearance is proportional to caries activity.
(photo- Vipeholm study causing rotten teeth in people with severe learning impairments in a mental institution)
2. Hopewood House 1963
13-14 year olds who only snacked on milk, fruit and veg had no caries in primary dentition.
Once they became adults and left, their caries rate increased.
3. Turku study 1976 (on dental students)
Sucrose (control) increased DMFS
Fructose- had less DMFS
Xylitol- no new caries
A lot of these older studies vital to dental progression, were unethical. No similar studies can take place.
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